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| File name | Bengal School of Painting Class 12 PDF |
| No. of Pages | 6 |
| File size | 454 KB |
| Date Added | Feb 22, 2023 |
| Category | Education |
| Language | English |
| Source/Credits | Drive Files |
Overview of Bengal School of Painting Class 12
The Bengal School of Painting, also known as the Bengal Renaissance School or the Calcutta School of Art, was a school of art that emerged in the early 20th century in Bengal, India. This school was a pivotal moment in the history of Indian art as it marked the beginning of the Indian art movement, which was a response to the colonialism of the British Empire.
The Bengal School of Painting was characterized by a revival of traditional Indian techniques and styles, especially Mughal miniatures and classical Indian painting. The school was also heavily influenced by the Bengal School of Music, which emphasized the use of Indian classical music and instruments. This influence can be seen in the use of color, texture, and rhythm in the paintings.
The school was founded by Abanindranath Tagore, who was inspired by the idea of Indian nationalism and cultural revivalism. He believed that Indian art should be rooted in Indian culture and history, and should not be merely an imitation of Western art. Tagore and his colleagues, including Nandalal Bose, Asit Kumar Haldar, and Kshitindranath Majumdar, sought to create a new aesthetic that would reflect the Indian identity.
The Bengal School of Painting was known for its focus on the spiritual and the symbolic, with themes drawn from Indian mythology, folklore, and literature. The paintings often featured Indian landscapes, people, and wildlife, and were executed in a range of media, including watercolor, tempera, and oil.
The school had a profound impact on Indian art and culture, and its influence can be seen in the works of subsequent generations of artists. The Bengal School of Painting helped to create a new Indian aesthetic, one that was rooted in tradition but also embraced modernity. It remains an important chapter in the history of Indian art and continues to inspire artists today.
Titles of 5 Famous Paintings:
- Journey’s End – Abanindranath Tagore
- Shiva Sati – Nandlal Bose
- Rasa-Lila – Kshitindranath Majumdar
- Radhika – M.A.R. Chughtai
- Meghdoot – Ram Gopal Vijayvargiya
Main Features of the Bengal School of Painting :
- Based on Indian Traditions: The Bengal School is fully based on the Indian traditional style as the subject matter of this school is based on Indian culture. The paintings are based on Indian themes like ‘Mahakali, ‘Shiva Parwati’Krishna and Gopis etc. proving the Bengal School’s Indian mentality.
- Influence of Ajanta Paintings: Bengal school is influenced by Ajanta Art. The qualities of Ajanta Art like rhythm, grace, harmony etc. are visible in Bengal School.
- Linear Delicacy: The lines of Bengal School resemble the Ajanta Paintings. Lines are delicate and rhythmic.
- Softness and Rhythm in Figures: The figures of Bengal School give a soft effect and no hardness is there. They are graceful and have delicacy. They are rhythmic and provide a pleasant experience to the eyes.
- Beautiful Colour Scheme: The colours of Bengal School are very attractive. The Wash technique is used and the colours are not bright and gaudy at all.
- Influence of Mughal and Rajasthani Schools: Mughal and Rajasthani Schools’ influence can also be seen in some places.
- Light and Shade: The softness in the paintings of Bengal School is due to its quality of brilliant light and shade.
- Impressive and Indian Subject Matter: The subject matter of Bengal School is very impressive and Indian in character. The themes used are historical, religious, literary etc.
Abanindranath Tagore and E. B. Havell
- Havell and Abanindranath Tagore devised a curriculum that included and encouraged Indian art techniques and themes
- “The first generation of Abanindranath pupils engaged in rediscovering the lost language of Indian painting,” says art historian Partha Mitter
- Abanindranath was the prominent artist and founder of a vital periodical, Indian Society of Oriental Art, to raise awareness that contemporary Indians may profit from this rich history
- In this way, he was also the first significant proponent of Swadeshi principles in Indian art, as seen by the founding of the Bengal School of Art. Many younger artists, such as Kshitindranath Majumdar (Rasa-Lila) and M. R. Chughtai, adopted Abanindranath’s new path (Radhika)
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